PLX08 Project - Knight Rider Car: Difference between revisions

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[[Category:Projects]]
[[Category:Classroom Projects]]
== Knight Rider ==
== Knight Rider ==


Line 7: Line 11:


For our project we decided to replicate the light sequence from Kit, The Knight Rider car.
For our project we decided to replicate the light sequence from Kit, The Knight Rider car.
The lights flash in a linear sequence from left to right, and then back again.
The lights flash in a linear sequence from left to right, and then back again. The dashboard piece would require a sound to light converter so iut could flash when kitt spoke and for the front we would need a running set of leds.
 
after consultation with the venue techs we were pointed to the wonders of maplin - we bought a Velleman MK107 LED Running Light Kit. (See Photo 2 and 3)
 
The Kit consists of 8 Led's which have a changeable speed and pattern.
 
 
 
== Running LED Kit ==
 
The running led kit contained three main components that are responsible for the flashing sequence of the lights and the time they take to flash through. These were - 555 timer - dual 4 bit shifter - variable resistor.
 
The variable resistor - this came before the 555 timer in the circuit. It was followed by two other resistors then a capacitor. As you increased the value of the resistor you lowered the current getting through to the capacitor so therefore it took longer to charge, which changed the speed that the LEDs flashed at.


At the centre of this circuit is a CD4015 Dual 4-bit Shift Register
555 timer - ours was an 8pin v package rather than the 8 pin t package. In this component is the equivalent of over 20 transistors, 15 resistors and 2 diodes. This component waited for the capacitors to charge and then bumped out the current as it was needed to make the LEDs flash.


A shift register consists of a chain of bistables connected together so that data can be transferred (shifted) along the chain from one end to the other. The diagram shows a 4-bit shift register made from D-type bistables:
[[Image:Sr1.gif]]


In this circuit the Clock inputs of all D-Types are connected. This is a key feature of the circuit of a shift register. Suppose all the D-types have been reset, that is A=0, B=0, C=0 and D=0. Now suppose that the SERIAL INPUT (DS) is made HIGH.


What will happen when pulses are applied to the CLOCK input? On the first rising edge, also called a LOW to HIGH transition, the logic state at the SERIAL INPUT is transferred to A, the output of the first D-type. This happens after a short delay, known as the propagation delay of the D-type. Before this change, the logic state at the D-input of the second D-type was LOW, logic 0. This 0 is transferred to B. In other words, no change in logic state is observed.
At the center of this circuit is a CD4015 Dual 4-bit Shift Register


When the next CLOCK pulse arrives, The SERIAL INPUT and the D-input of the second D-type are both at logic 1. Output A remains at 1 and output B becomes 1. Each new pulse tranfsers the logic 1 signal to the next stage of the shift register. You can follow these changes in logic levels from the V/t graphs given in the next diagram:
A shift register contains various storage locations and during each clock cycle the data stored in each register is moved along the chain to the next register. This process continues until the cycle is complete. This is displayed in the diagram.






An interesting variation of the shift register circuit is the ring counter, or Johnson counter, shown below:
[[Image:Sr2.gif]]




This is what causes the LED's to light up sequentially and in turn follow a pattern.


Click the button for a Crocodile Technology © simulation of this circuit.


The connection from NOT-Q back to the SERIAL INPUT of the shift register prevents the shift register from getting stuck in any particular state. The outputs follow a definite sequence. With four D-types, there are 2x4=8 different output states:
== Obstacles ==


the front lights on kitt flash backwards and forwards, unfortunately we were unable to make the sequence run in reverse. after talking to Jim we now know that in order to do this we could have connected the LED's in pairs. By doing this one input from the shift register would light the LED's in the first sequence, and the other connection would light them on the return.


We also tried to recreate the voice recognition monitor from the interior of the car.


Ring counters show the action of shift registers clearly. The sequence produced has 2n different states, where n is the number of D-types. The 4017 decade counter contains a 5-stage ring counter with its outputs decoded to provide 10 individual outputs.
We attempted to do this using an LED Sound to Light Unit. (See Pictures 4, 5 and 6)
Unfortunately, due to a combination of faulty soldering and a bad soldering iron which burnt the circuits and bad components as you commonly find in kits like this - it didnt work.


== Images==
== Images==
<Gallery>Image:Car1.JPG
<Gallery>Image:Car1.JPG
Image:Flashing_LED1.JPG  
Image:Flashing_LED1.JPG  
Image:Back_of_LED.jpg
Image:LED.JPG  
Image:LED.JPG  
Image:Snd_to_light1.JPG
Image:Snd_to_light1.JPG
Image:Bad_solder1.JPG
Image:Bad_solder1.JPG
Image:Sound_to_light.JPG
Image:Sound_to_light.JPG
Image:ReverseLED.JPG
</Gallery>
</Gallery>

Latest revision as of 12:09, 5 December 2012


Knight Rider

This Project was created by Frazer Fyfe, Mark McGowan, Christine Orr and Lynn Wiseman


Concept

For our project we decided to replicate the light sequence from Kit, The Knight Rider car. The lights flash in a linear sequence from left to right, and then back again. The dashboard piece would require a sound to light converter so iut could flash when kitt spoke and for the front we would need a running set of leds.

after consultation with the venue techs we were pointed to the wonders of maplin - we bought a Velleman MK107 LED Running Light Kit. (See Photo 2 and 3)

The Kit consists of 8 Led's which have a changeable speed and pattern.


Running LED Kit

The running led kit contained three main components that are responsible for the flashing sequence of the lights and the time they take to flash through. These were - 555 timer - dual 4 bit shifter - variable resistor.

The variable resistor - this came before the 555 timer in the circuit. It was followed by two other resistors then a capacitor. As you increased the value of the resistor you lowered the current getting through to the capacitor so therefore it took longer to charge, which changed the speed that the LEDs flashed at.

555 timer - ours was an 8pin v package rather than the 8 pin t package. In this component is the equivalent of over 20 transistors, 15 resistors and 2 diodes. This component waited for the capacitors to charge and then bumped out the current as it was needed to make the LEDs flash.


At the center of this circuit is a CD4015 Dual 4-bit Shift Register

A shift register contains various storage locations and during each clock cycle the data stored in each register is moved along the chain to the next register. This process continues until the cycle is complete. This is displayed in the diagram.



This is what causes the LED's to light up sequentially and in turn follow a pattern.


Obstacles

the front lights on kitt flash backwards and forwards, unfortunately we were unable to make the sequence run in reverse. after talking to Jim we now know that in order to do this we could have connected the LED's in pairs. By doing this one input from the shift register would light the LED's in the first sequence, and the other connection would light them on the return.

We also tried to recreate the voice recognition monitor from the interior of the car.

We attempted to do this using an LED Sound to Light Unit. (See Pictures 4, 5 and 6) Unfortunately, due to a combination of faulty soldering and a bad soldering iron which burnt the circuits and bad components as you commonly find in kits like this - it didnt work.

Images

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